| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
American Journal of Pathology, Vol 106, 20-29, Copyright © 1982 by American Society for Investigative Pathology
REGULAR ARTICLES |
MC Dal Canto and HL Lipton
Mice experimentally infected with Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) develop a persistent infection of the central nervous system (CNS). The most striking feature of this infection is the occurrence of inflammatory primary demyelination in the spinal cord white matter. The pathogenesis of myelin degeneration in this model has not been clarified, but morphologic and immunologic data suggest that the host immune response plays a major role in the production of myelin injury. Because of low virus titers in infected adult mice and of the small size of TMEV, virus particles have never been observed in this demyelinating model. Yet elucidation of the types of cells in the CNS supporting virus replication would be important for a better understanding of both virus persistence and virus-induced demyelinating pathology. The present paper is a sequential study of the localization of TMEV in the spinal cord in infected mice by ultrastructural immunohistochemical techniques. Results indicate that virus replication is mainly in neurons during the acute phase of the disease, while in the chronic phase viral inclusions are mainly found in macrophages in and around demyelinating lesions. Other cells are also infected, but to a lesser degree. In the neuronal system both axoplasmic and dendritic flow appear to facilitate the spread of virus in the CNS. In macrophages, the presence of virus particles and the association of virus with altered components of the cytoskeleton support active virus production rather than simple internalization. The macrophage appears to play an important role in both the establishment of virus persistence and in the process of demyelination in this animal model.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  M. Rodriguez, L. Zoecklein, J. G. Kerkvliet, K. D. Pavelko, L. Papke, C. L. Howe, L. R. Pease, and C. David Human HLA-DR Transgenes Protect Mice from Fatal Virus-Induced Encephalomyelitis and Chronic Demyelination J. Virol., April 1, 2008; 82(7): 3369 - 3380. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. M. Ercolini and S. D. Miller Mechanisms of Immunopathology in Murine Models of Central Nervous System Demyelinating Disease J. Immunol., March 15, 2006; 176(6): 3293 - 3298. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Trottier, B. P. Schlitt, A. Y. Kung, and H. L. Lipton Transition from Acute to Persistent Theiler's Virus Infection Requires Active Viral Replication That Drives Proinflammatory Cytokine Expression and Chronic Demyelinating Disease J. Virol., November 15, 2004; 78(22): 12480 - 12488. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. L. Oleszak, J. R. Chang, H. Friedman, C. D. Katsetos, and C. D. Platsoucas Theiler's Virus Infection: a Model for Multiple Sclerosis Clin. Microbiol. Rev., January 1, 2004; 17(1): 174 - 207. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Rodriguez, L. J. Zoecklein, C. L. Howe, K. D. Pavelko, J. D. Gamez, S. Nakane, and L. M. Papke Gamma Interferon Is Critical for Neuronal Viral Clearance and Protection in a Susceptible Mouse Strain following Early Intracranial Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus Infection J. Virol., November 15, 2003; 77(22): 12252 - 12265. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Tsunoda, L.-Q. Kuang, J. E. Libbey, and R. S. Fujinami Axonal Injury Heralds Virus-Induced Demyelination Am. J. Pathol., April 1, 2003; 162(4): 1259 - 1269. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. K. Olson, A. M. Girvin, and S. D. Miller Direct Activation of Innate and Antigen-Presenting Functions of Microglia following Infection with Theiler's Virus J. Virol., October 15, 2001; 75(20): 9780 - 9789. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Katz-Levy, K. L. Neville, J. Padilla, S. Rahbe, W. S. Begolka, A. M. Girvin, J. K. Olson, C. L. Vanderlugt, and S. D. Miller Temporal Development of Autoreactive Th1 Responses and Endogenous Presentation of Self Myelin Epitopes by Central Nervous System-Resident APCs in Theiler's Virus-Infected Mice J. Immunol., November 1, 2000; 165(9): 5304 - 5314. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Sathornsumetee, D. B. McGavern, D. R. Ure, and M. Rodriguez Quantitative Ultrastructural Analysis of a Single Spinal Cord Demyelinated Lesion Predicts Total Lesion Load, Axonal Loss, and Neurological Dysfunction in a Murine Model of Multiple Sclerosis Am. J. Pathol., October 1, 2000; 157(4): 1365 - 1376. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. B. McGavern, P. D. Murray, C. Rivera-Quinones, J. D. Schmelzer, P. A. Low, and M. Rodriguez Axonal loss results in spinal cord atrophy, electrophysiological abnormalities and neurological deficits following demyelination in a chronic inflammatory model of multiple sclerosis Brain, March 1, 2000; 123(3): 519 - 531. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. K. Burt, J. Padilla, M. C. Dal Canto, and S. D. Miller Viral Hyperinfection of the Central Nervous System and High Mortality After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Treatment of Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus-Induced Demyelinating Disease Blood, October 15, 1999; 94(8): 2915 - 2922. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Martinat, N. Jarousse, M.-C. Prévost, and M. Brahic The GDVII Strain of Theiler's Virus Spreads via Axonal Transport J. Virol., July 1, 1999; 73(7): 6093 - 6098. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. S. Kim, Y. Y. Bahk, H.-K. Kang, R. L. Yauch, J.-A. Kang, M.-J. Park, and N. M. Ponzio Diverse Fine Specificity and Receptor Repertoire of T Cells Reactive to the Major VP1 Epitope (VP1230-250) of Theiler's Virus: V{beta} Restriction Correlates with T Cell Recognition of the C-Terminal Residue J. Immunol., June 15, 1999; 162(12): 7049 - 7057. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Lin, R. P. Roos, L. R. Pease, P. Wettstein, and M. Rodriguez A Theiler's Virus Alternatively Initiated Protein Inhibits the Generation of H-2K-Restricted Virus-Specific Cytotoxicity J. Immunol., January 1, 1999; 162(1): 17 - 24. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. G. Pope, C. L. Vanderlugt, S. M. Rahbe, H. L. Lipton, and S. D. Miller Characterization of and Functional Antigen Presentation by Central Nervous System Mononuclear Cells from Mice Infected with Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus J. Virol., October 1, 1998; 72(10): 7762 - 7771. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. S. Kim, R. L. Yauch, Y. Y. Bahk, J.-A. Kang, M. C. Dal Canto, and C. K. Hall A Spontaneous Low-Pathogenic Variant of Theiler's Virus Contains an Amino Acid Substitution within the Predominant VP1233-250 T-Cell Epitope J. Virol., February 1, 1998; 72(2): 1020 - 1027. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
