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American Journal of Pathology, Vol 129, 287-294, Copyright © 1987 by American Society for Investigative Pathology

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Spasm of small coronary arteries and ischemic myocardial injury induced by hypothalamic stimulation in the rat

WH Gutstein, P Anversa and G Guideri
Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla 10595.

Electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus resulted in electrocardiographic evidence of acute myocardial ischemia in 35% of normal adult rats under anesthesia. Mean arterial blood pressure was also elevated. Study of vascular corrosion casts disclosed that spasm of smaller branches of the coronary circulation, rather than the major epicardial arteries, was the main cause of the ischemic response. The histologic changes of the same experimental treatment in a separate group of animals revealed multiple focal areas of tissue damage throughout the myocardium, which were quantitatively assessed. The results may be relevant for the clinical problem of various forms of ischemic heart disease in which little evidence is found for organic (atherosclerosis) or dynamic (spasm) stenosis involving the major coronary arteries.