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American Journal of Pathology, Vol 137, 741-747, Copyright © 1990 by American Society for Investigative Pathology

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Protease nexin-1. Localization in the human brain suggests a protective role against extravasated serine proteases

BH Choi, M Suzuki, T Kim, SL Wagner and DD Cunningham
Department of Pathology, University of California, Irvine 92717.

Protease nexin-1 (PN-1) is a potent thrombin inhibitor that is identical to the glia-derived neurite-promoting factor or glia-derived nexin. Here we report immunocytochemical studies of adult human cerebral cortex that revealed the presence of strong immunoreactivity for PN-1 in capillaries and in the smooth muscle cells of arteries and arterioles. Expression of PN-1 was also abundant in astroglial processes in the parenchyma and in perivascular astroglial endfeet of human cerebral cortex. In situ hybridization with an 35S-labeled RNA antisense probe for PN-1 resulted in significant labeling of astrocytes and blood vessels. Because thrombin is known to cause retraction of neurites and modification of astrocytic morphology at low concentrations, PN-1 around blood vessels may play a major protective role against extravasation of thrombin and possibly other serine protease into the human brain.

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