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American Journal of Pathology, Vol 140, 193-205, Copyright © 1992 by American Society for Investigative Pathology

REGULAR ARTICLES

Cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan of arterial smooth muscle cells

IJ Edwards and WD Wagner
Department of Comparative Medicine, Bowman Gray School of Medicine of Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1040.

Cell surface proteoglycans of aortic smooth muscle cells of atherosclerosis-susceptible White Carneau (WC) and atherosclerosis- resistant Show Racer (SR) pigeons were compared to determine differences that may be involved in the greater proliferative properties of cultured WC cells. Using [35S]-sodium sulfate and [3H]- glucosamine as labeling precursors, chondroitin sulfate-proteoglycan (CS-PG) and heparin sulfate-proteoglycan (HS-PG) were identified as distinct molecules associated with the plasma membrane. Heparan sulfate- proteoglycan was reduced up to 50% in WC compared with SR cells, and, based on interaction with ion-exchange resin, had a lower charge density. These differences were not observed for the CS-PG from the two cell types. The mode of association of the cell surface PG with the plasma membrane was examined. Dissociation with 1 mol/l (molar) sodium chloride indicated that less than 10% of total cell surface PG were ironically associated with the cells. The remainder required detergent extraction, suggesting hydrophobic interactions with the plasma membrane. Both CS-PG and HS-PG displayed affinity for octyl sepharose and both were identified in isolated plasma membranes. These data present the first description of a hydrophobic CS-PG that is a significant and distinct cell-associated PG in arterial smooth muscle cells. The observation of decreased and structurally altered HS-PG in WC compared with SR cells is consistent with a potential growth regulatory function for this molecule.

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