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American Journal of Pathology, Vol 143, 1568-1573, Copyright © 1993 by American Society for Investigative Pathology

REGULAR ARTICLES

Immunohistochemical detection of the NS4 antigen of hepatitis C virus and its relation to histopathology

K Blight, R Rowland, PD Hall, RR Lesniewski, R Trowbridge, JT LaBrooy and EJ Gowans
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Adelaide, Australia.

The immunohistochemical localization of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural antigen 4 (NS4) was investigated in formalin-fixed human liver biopsy samples taken from 10 patients who were anti-HCV positive. NS4 was detected within the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in all HCV- positive patients studied, but not in the mononuclear cell infiltrates, bile duct epithelium, or endothelial cells. A high proportion of hepatocytes appeared positive, but the staining intensity was variable. After a coded histological evaluation of the liver tissue, the pattern of liver injury was shown to have no significant correlation with antigen-positive hepatocytes, and no direct relationship was observed between the distribution of antigen-positive hepatocytes and areas of hepatocyte necrosis. The staining pattern was considered to be specific because liver samples from patients chronically infected with hepatitis B virus or from uninfected individuals were negative. Furthermore, no staining was noted when either preimmune rabbit serum or anti-NS4 adsorbed against the specific synthetic peptide was substituted for the primary antibody.


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Copyright © 1993 by the American Society for Investigative Pathology.