| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
American Journal of Pathology, Vol 144, 659-666, Copyright © 1994 by American Society for Investigative Pathology
REGULAR ARTICLES |
GJ Nuovo, F Gallery, P MacConnell and A Braun
Department of Pathology, SUNY at Stony Brook 11794-8691.
This study determined the distribution of in situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified HIV-1 nucleic acids in the central nervous system (CNS). Amplified viral DNA was detected in each of the seven HIV- 1-positive cases and in none of the seven negative controls. HIV-1 DNA was rarely detected with standard in situ hybridization, consistent with low levels of proviral DNA. In patients with minimal clinical and pathological CNS involvement, only rare HIV-1 DNA-positive perivascular microglial cells were noted. In patients with dementia, many infected neurons and astrocytes as well as microglial cells were detected. Severe disease was also characterized by the detection of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA and viral RNA by reverse transcription (RT) in situ PCR. These results suggest that HIV-1 commonly exists in the CNS in the asymptomatic patient and that progression is marked by a dramatic increase of the number of cells with HIV-1 DNA, including neurons and astrocytes, and a concomitant upregulation of both viral and TNF-alpha transcription.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  J. E. Torres-Munoz, M. Nunez, and C. K. Petito Successful Application of Hyperbranched Multidisplacement Genomic Amplification to Detect HIV-1 Sequences in Single Neurons Removed from Autopsy Brain Sections by Laser Capture Microdissection J. Mol. Diagn., July 1, 2008; 10(4): 317 - 324. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Kitaoka, Y. Kitaoka, J. M. K. Kwong, F. N. Ross-Cisneros, J. Wang, R. K. Tsai, A. A. Sadun, and T. T. Lam TNF-{alpha}-Induced Optic Nerve Degeneration and Nuclear Factor-{kappa}B p65. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., April 1, 2006; 47(4): 1448 - 1457. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Carroll-Anzinger and L. Al-Harthi Gamma Interferon Primes Productive Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Astrocytes J. Virol., January 1, 2006; 80(1): 541 - 544. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. H. Birdsall, W. J. Porter, D. M. Green, J. Rubio, J. Trial, and R. D. Rossen Impact of Fibronectin Fragments on the Transendothelial Migration of HIV-Infected Leukocytes and the Development of Subendothelial Foci of Infectious Leukocytes J. Immunol., August 15, 2004; 173(4): 2746 - 2754. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. M. P. Lawrence, L. C. Durham, L. Schwartz, P. Seth, D. Maric, and E. O. Major Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection of Human Brain-Derived Progenitor Cells J. Virol., July 15, 2004; 78(14): 7319 - 7328. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. G. Argyris, E. Acheampong, G. Nunnari, M. Mukhtar, K. J. Williams, and R. J. Pomerantz Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Enters Primary Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells by a Mechanism Involving Cell Surface Proteoglycans Independent of Lipid Rafts J. Virol., November 15, 2003; 77(22): 12140 - 12151. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Radja, D. G. Kay, S. Albrecht, and P. Jolicoeur Oligodendrocyte-Specific Expression of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nef in Transgenic Mice Leads to Vacuolar Myelopathy and Alters Oligodendrocyte Phenotype In Vitro J. Virol., November 1, 2003; 77(21): 11745 - 11753. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. D. Overholser, G. D. Coleman, J. L. Bennett, R. J. Casaday, M. C. Zink, S. A. Barber, and J. E. Clements Expression of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) Nef in Astrocytes during Acute and Terminal Infection and Requirement of Nef for Optimal Replication of Neurovirulent SIV In Vitro J. Virol., June 15, 2003; 77(12): 6855 - 6866. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Caselli, M. Galvan, F. Santoni, A. Rotola, A. Caruso, E. Cassai, and D. D. Luca Human herpesvirus-8 (Kaposi's sarcoma-associated virus) ORF50 increases in vitro cell susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection J. Gen. Virol., May 1, 2003; 84(5): 1123 - 1131. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. R. Sibson, A. M. Blamire, V. H. Perry, J. Gauldie, P. Styles, and D. C. Anthony TNF-{alpha} reduces cerebral blood volume and disrupts tissue homeostasis via an endothelin- and TNFR2-dependent pathway Brain, November 1, 2002; 125(11): 2446 - 2459. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Li, Y. Liu, I.-W. Park, and J. J. He Expression of Exogenous Sam68, the 68-Kilodalton Src-Associated Protein in Mitosis, Is Able To Alleviate Impaired Rev Function in Astrocytes J. Virol., March 27, 2002; 76(9): 4526 - 4535. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Sugenoya, A. Yoshimura, H. Yamamura, K. Inui, H. Morita, H. Yamabe, N. Ueki, T. Ideura, and K. Takahashi Smooth-Muscle Calponin in Mesangial Cells: Regulation of Expression and a Role in Suppressing Glomerulonephritis J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., February 1, 2002; 13(2): 322 - 331. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Euscher, J. Davis, I. Holzman, and G. J. Nuovo Coxsackie Virus Infection of the Placenta Associated With Neurodevelopmental Delays in the Newborn Obstet. Gynecol., December 1, 2001; 98(6): 1019 - 1026. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. J. Nuovo Co-labeling Using In Situ PCR: A Review J. Histochem. Cytochem., November 1, 2001; 49(11): 1329 - 1340. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Canki, J. N. F. Thai, W. Chao, A. Ghorpade, M. J. Potash, and D. J. Volsky Highly Productive Infection with Pseudotyped Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Indicates No Intracellular Restrictions to HIV-1 Replication in Primary Human Astrocytes J. Virol., September 1, 2001; 75(17): 7925 - 7933. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Persidsky, J. Zheng, D. Miller, and H. E. Gendelman Mononuclear phagocytes mediate blood-brain barrier compromise and neuronal injury during HIV-1-associated dementia J. Leukoc. Biol., September 1, 2000; 68(3): 413 - 422. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. HANAZAWA, S. Y. MURAYAMA, and H. YAMAGUCHI In-situ detection of Aspergillus fumigatus J. Med. Microbiol., March 1, 2000; 49(3): 285 - 290. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 O. Rohr, C. Schwartz, C. Hery, D. Aunis, M. Tardieu, and E. Schaeffer The Nuclear Receptor Chicken Ovalbumin Upstream Promoter Transcription Factor Interacts with HIV-1 Tat and Stimulates Viral Replication in Human Microglial Cells J. Biol. Chem., January 28, 2000; 275(4): 2654 - 2660. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Schwartz, P. Catez, O. Rohr, D. Lecestre, D. Aunis, and E. Schaeffer Functional Interactions between C/EBP, Sp1, and COUP-TF Regulate Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Gene Transcription in Human Brain Cells J. Virol., January 1, 2000; 74(1): 65 - 73. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Ludwig, F. C. Silberstein, J. van Empel, V. Erfle, M. Neumann, and R. Brack-Werner Diminished Rev-Mediated Stimulation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protein Synthesis Is a Hallmark of Human Astrocytes J. Virol., October 1, 1999; 73(10): 8279 - 8289. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Ensoli, V. Fiorelli, M. DeCristofaro, D. Santini Muratori, A. Novi, B. Vannelli, C. J. Thiele, G. Luzi, and F. Aiuti Inflammatory Cytokines and HIV-1-Associated Neurodegeneration: Oncostatin-M Produced by Mononuclear Cells from HIV-1-Infected Individuals Induces Apoptosis of Primary Neurons J. Immunol., May 15, 1999; 162(10): 6268 - 6277. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. D. Katsetos, J. E. Fincke, A. Legido, H. W. Lischner, J.-P. de Chadarevian, E. M. Kaye, C. D. Platsoucas, and E. L. Oleszak Angiocentric CD3+ T-Cell Infiltrates in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Associated Central Nervous System Disease in Children Clin. Vaccine Immunol., January 1, 1999; 6(1): 105 - 114. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J.-i. Suzuki, M. Isobe, S. Yamazaki, S. Horie, Y. Okubo, and M. Sekiguchi Sensitive diagnosis of cardiac allograft rejection by detection of cytokine transcription in situ Cardiovasc Res, November 1, 1998; 40(2): 307 - 313. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Schmidtmayerova, M. Alfano, G. Nuovo, and M. Bukrinsky Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 T-Lymphotropic Strains Enter Macrophages via a CD4- and CXCR4-Mediated Pathway: Replication Is Restricted at a Postentry Level J. Virol., June 1, 1998; 72(6): 4633 - 4642. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Yu, J. N. Billaud, and T. R. Phillips Effects of feline immunodeficiency virus on astrocyte glutamate uptake: Implications for lentivirus-induced central nervous system diseases PNAS, March 3, 1998; 95(5): 2624 - 2629. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. Rohr, D. Aunis, and E. Schaeffer COUP-TF and Sp1 Interact and Cooperate in the Transcriptional Activation of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Long Terminal Repeat in Human Microglial Cells J. Biol. Chem., December 5, 1997; 272(49): 31149 - 31155. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Chen, M. Mayne, C. Power, and A. Nath The Tat Protein of HIV-1 Induces Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Production. IMPLICATIONS FOR HIV-1-ASSOCIATED NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES J. Biol. Chem., September 5, 1997; 272(36): 22385 - 22388. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. E. Sawaya, O. Rohr, D. Aunis, and E. Schaeffer Chicken Ovalbumin Upstream Promoter Transcription Factor, a Transcriptional Activator of HIV-1 Gene Expression in Human Brain Cells J. Biol. Chem., September 20, 1996; 271(38): 23572 - 23576. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. E. Sawaya, O. Rohr, D. Aunis, and E. Schaeffer Regulation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1Gene Transcription by Nuclear Receptors in Human Brain Cells J. Biol. Chem., September 13, 1996; 271(37): 22895 - 22900. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G J Nuovo In situ PCR: protocols and applications. Genome Res., February 1, 1995; 4(4): S151 - S167. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
