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American Journal of Pathology, Vol 148, 1639-1648, Copyright © 1996 by American Society for Investigative Pathology

REGULAR ARTICLES

Remodeling of human myocardial collagen in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Role of metalloproteinases and pyridinoline cross-links

Z Gunja-Smith, AR Morales, R Romanelli and JF Woessner Jr
Department of Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL 33101, USA.

A major contribution to the mechanical strength of the heart is provided by a continuous fibrillar collagen network embracing individual myocytes and forming an interstitial and perivascular framework. This study explores the possibility that idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy may involve extensive changes in this collagenous framework. Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy hearts were obtained at transplant and compared with control hearts from autopsy. Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy showed a doubling of collagen concentration and a quadrupling of the total collagen per heart, whereas the stable mature cross-link, pyridinoline, diminished from 2.07 mol/mol of collagen to 1.0. Neutrophil-type collagenase activity is elevated approximately 30-fold as is the activity of gelatinase. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase activity falls to negligible levels in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, whereas alpha 2-macroglobulin is high. It is postulated that collagen critical to mechanical stability of the heart is degraded by metalloproteinase activity and is replaced by fibrous intercellular deposits of poorly cross-linked collagen. These changes contribute to weakening and dilatation of the ventricular wall.

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