Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus in non-AIDS related lymphomas occurring in body cavities

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Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus in non-AIDS related lymphomas occurring in body cavities

E Cesarman, RG Nador, K Aozasa, G Delsol, JW Said and DM Knowles
Department of Pathology, The New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.

DNA sequences belonging to the recently discovered Kaposi's sarcoma- associated herpesvirus (KSHV), now provisionally designated human herpesvirus 8, have been previously identified in an uncommonly occurring subset of AIDS-related lymphomas, referred to as body-cavity- based lymphomas (BCBLs), which present as lymphomatous effusions. Pyothorax-associated lymphomas (PALS) are non-Hodgkin's lymphomas that arise in the pleural cavity after long-standing pleural inflammation resulting from therapeutic artificial pneumothorax or from tuberculosis pleuritis. Although PALs present as solid tumor masses, they are otherwise similar to BCBLs in that they also are B cell lymphomas, usually exhibit immunoblastic morphology, and contain Epstein-Barr virus. We investigated whether KSHV sequences are present in 2 BCBLs in patients without AIDS and 12 in Japanese and 2 French PALs. The 2 BCBLs were positive for KSHV sequences, whereaas all 14 PALs were KSHV negative. This finding strongly suggests that BCBLs and PALs are distinct clinicopathological entities and further strengthens the association between the presence of KSHV and an effusion phenotype. Based on these findings, we propose replacing the term body-cavity- based lymphoma with the term primary effusion lymphoma, which describes these non-Hodgkin's lymphomas more accurately and avoids confusion with other lymphomas that may occur in the body cavities, such as the PALs.

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				K. Lan, D. A. Kuppers, S. C. Verma, and E. S. Robertson Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus-Encoded Latency-Associated Nuclear Antigen Inhibits Lytic Replication by Targeting Rta: a Potential Mechanism for Virus-Mediated Control of Latency J. Virol., June 15, 2004; 78(12): 6585 - 6594. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. P. Pozharskaya, L. L. Weakland, J. C. Zimring, L. T. Krug, E. R. Unger, A. Neisch, H. Joshi, N. Inoue, and M. K. Offermann Short Duration of Elevated vIRF-1 Expression during Lytic Replication of Human Herpesvirus 8 Limits Its Ability To Block Antiviral Responses Induced by Alpha Interferon in BCBL-1 Cells J. Virol., June 15, 2004; 78(12): 6621 - 6635. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Canham and S. J. Talbot A naturally occurring C-terminal truncated isoform of the latent nuclear antigen of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus does not associate with viral episomal DNA J. Gen. Virol., June 1, 2004; 85(6): 1363 - 1369. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. C. McAllister, S. G. Hansen, R. A. Ruhl, C. M. Raggo, V. R. DeFilippis, D. Greenspan, K. Fruh, and A. V. Moses Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) induces heme oxygenase-1 expression and activity in KSHV-infected endothelial cells Blood, May 1, 2004; 103(9): 3465 - 3473. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Trivedi, K. Takazawa, C. Zompetta, L. Cuomo, E. Anastasiadou, A. Carbone, S. Uccini, F. Belardelli, K. Takada, L. Frati, et al. Infection of HHV-8+ primary effusion lymphoma cells with a recombinant Epstein-Barr virus leads to restricted EBV latency, altered phenotype, and increased tumorigenicity without affecting TCL1 expression Blood, January 1, 2004; 103(1): 313 - 316. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Simonelli, M. Spina, R. Cinelli, R. Talamini, R. Tedeschi, A. Gloghini, E. Vaccher, A. Carbone, and U. Tirelli Clinical Features and Outcome of Primary Effusion Lymphoma in HIV-Infected Patients: A Single-Institution Study J. Clin. Oncol., November 1, 2003; 21(21): 3948 - 3954. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. A. Dourmishev, A. L. Dourmishev, D. Palmeri, R. A. Schwartz, and D. M. Lukac Molecular Genetics of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus (Human Herpesvirus 8) Epidemiology and Pathogenesis Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev., June 1, 2003; 67(2): 175 - 212. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. Liao, Y. Tang, S.-F. Lin, H.-J. Kung, and C.-Z. Giam K-bZIP of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus/Human Herpesvirus 8 (KSHV/HHV-8) Binds KSHV/HHV-8 Rta and Represses Rta-Mediated Transactivation J. Virol., March 15, 2003; 77(6): 3809 - 3815. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Hashizume, K. Aozasa, Y. Tomita, and K. Matsushita Pyothorax-associated T-cell Lymphoma: a Case Report Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol., March 1, 2003; 33(3): 145 - 147. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C.-J. Chiou, L. J. Poole, P. S. Kim, D. M. Ciufo, J. S. Cannon, C. M. ap Rhys, D. J. Alcendor, J.-C. Zong, R. F. Ambinder, and G. S. Hayward Patterns of Gene Expression and a Transactivation Function Exhibited by the vGCR (ORF74) Chemokine Receptor Protein of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus J. Virol., March 7, 2002; 76(7): 3421 - 3439. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. K. Groves, M. A. Cotter, C. Subramanian, and E. S. Robertson The Latency-Associated Nuclear Antigen Encoded by Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Activates Two Major Essential Epstein-Barr Virus Latent Promoters J. Virol., October 1, 2001; 75(19): 9446 - 9457. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. S. Hyun, C. Subramanian, M. A. Cotter II, R. A. Thomas, and E. S. Robertson Latency-Associated Nuclear Antigen Encoded by Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Interacts with Tat and Activates the Long Terminal Repeat of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in Human Cells J. Virol., September 15, 2001; 75(18): 8761 - 8771. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus in non-AIDS related lymphomas occurring in body cavities

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				M O'Donovan, I Silva, V Uhlmann, N Bermingham, K Luttich, C Martin, O Sheils, A Killalea, C Kenny, S Pileri, et al. Expression profile of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) in pyothorax associated lymphoma and in effusion lymphoma Mol. Pathol., April 1, 2001; 54(2): 80 - 85. [Abstract] [Full Text]

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				D. Jones, M. E. Ballestas, K. M. Kaye, J. M. Gulizia, G. L. Winters, J. Fletcher, D. T. Scadden, and J. C. Aster Primary-Effusion Lymphoma and Kaposi's Sarcoma in a Cardiac-Transplant Recipient N. Engl. J. Med., August 13, 1998; 339(7): 444 - 449. [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Boshoff, S.-J. Gao, L. E. Healy, S. Matthews, A. J. Thomas, L. Coignet, R. A. Warnke, J. A. Strauchen, E. Matutes, O. W. Kamel, et al. Establishing a KSHV+ Cell Line (BCP-1) From Peripheral Blood and Characterizing Its Growth in Nod/SCID Mice Blood, March 1, 1998; 91(5): 1671 - 1679. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Gaidano, A. Gloghini, V. Gattei, M.F. Rossi, A.M. Cilia, C. Godeas, M. Degan, T. Perin, V. Canzonieri, D. Aldinucci, et al. Association of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus-Positive Primary Effusion Lymphoma With Expression of the CD138/Syndecan-1 Antigen Blood, December 15, 1997; 90(12): 4894 - 4900. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]