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American Journal of Pathology, Vol 150, 2047-2060, Copyright © 1997 by American Society for Investigative Pathology
REGULAR ARTICLES |
H Moriyama, T Yamamoto, H Takatsuka, H Umezu, K Tokunaga, T Nagano, M Arakawa and M Naito
Second Department of Pathology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Japan.
In mice administered with liposome-entrapped dichloromethylene diphosphonate, which depletes Kupffer cells, the size and the number of zymosan-induced granulomas in the liver were smaller than in untreated mice. The number of macrophage precursors, as detected by the monoclonal antibodies for macrophage precursors, increased after zymosan injection in both groups of mice, proliferated, and differentiated into macrophages. Expression of macrophage colony- stimulating factor (M-CSF), interleukin-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interferon-gamma mRNA was enhanced in the stage of granuloma formation in the control mouse liver, whereas it was suppressed in Kupffer-cell-depleted mice. However, M-CSF mRNA expression was increased in the Kupffer-cell- depleted mice to form granulomas in the late stages. In situ hybridization demonstrated the expression of M-CSF mRNA and c-fms mRNA in Kupffer cells and monocyte-derived macrophages in the sinusoid and granulomas. The concentration of M-CSF in serum of zymosan-injected control mice was within normal range, but that of zymosan-treated or untreated Kupffer-cell-depleted mice was markedly elevated at day 1. These findings imply that Kupffer cells are indispensable for granuloma formation and produce various cytokines including M-CSF. The local production and consumption of M-CSF in the liver may play a crucial role in granulomatous inflammation.
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