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(American Journal of Pathology. 1998;153:695-701.)
© 1998 American Society for Investigative Pathology

Short Communications

Nonneural Nuclear Inclusions of Androgen Receptor Protein in Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy

Mei Li* , Yuji Nakagomi{dagger} , Yasushi Kobayashi* , Dianne E. Merry{ddagger} , Fumiaki Tanaka* , Manabu Doyu* , Terunori Mitsuma§ , Yoshio Hashizume¶ , Kenneth H. Fischbeck{ddagger} and Gen Sobue*

From the Department of Neurology,* Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Laboratory of Electron Microscopy,{dagger} Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan; Department of Neurology,{ddagger} University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Department of Internal Medicine§ and Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan

Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy is an X-linked motor neuronopathy caused by the expansion of an unstable CAG repeat in the coding region of the androgen receptor (AR) gene. Nuclear inclusions of the mutant AR protein have been shown to occur in the spinal motor neurons of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (Li M, Kobayashi Y, Merry D, Tanaka F, Doyu M, Hashizume Y, Fischbeck KH, Sobue G: Nuclear inclusions in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy. Ann Neurol 1998 (in press)). In this study, we demonstrate the tissue-specific distribution, immunochemical features, and fine structure of nuclear inclusions of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy. Nuclear inclusions were observed in affected spinal and brainstem motor neurons, but not in other, nonaffected neural tissues. Similar nuclear inclusions occurred in nonneural tissues including scrotal skin, dermis, kidney, heart, and testis, but not in the spleen, liver, and muscle. These inclusions had similar epitope features detectable by antibodies that recognize a small portion of the N-terminus of the AR protein only, and they were ubiquitinated. Electron microscopic immunohistochemistry showed dense aggregates of AR-positive granular material without limiting membrane, both in the neural and nonneural inclusions. These findings indicate that nuclear inclusions of AR protein are present in selected nonneural tissues as well as in neurons that degenerate in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, suggesting that a common mechanism underlies in the formation of neural and nonneural nuclear inclusions.




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