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Levels in Liver and Blood Correlate Better than Hepatocyte Growth Factor with Hepatocyte Proliferation during Liver Regeneration
From the First Department of Internal Medicine,*
Faculty
of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, and Third
Department of Internal Medicine,
Saitama
Medical School, Iruma-gun, Saitama, Japan
Transforming growth factor 
(TGF) and hepatocyte growth
factor (HGF) are mitogens for hepatocytes in vitro and
in vivo, produced by hepatocytes or nonparenchymal
cells such as stellate cells in the liver. It is still uncertain
whether TGF and HGF are essential for liver regeneration. To assess
the role of these growth factors in liver regeneration, their
circulating and hepatic levels were studied in various rat models of
liver regeneration. Hepatic and plasma HGF levels were increased with
increased number of mitotic hepatocytes in rats after partial
hepatectomy or carbon tetrachloride intoxication. However,
hepatic HGF levels were decreased despite an increased number of
mitotic hepatocytes and increased or unchanged plasma HGF levels in
rats given phenobarbital and in rats after dimethylnitrosamine
intoxication, which can induce hepatic necrosis after apoptosis
of hepatic stellate cells. In contrast, hepatic and serum
TGF levels were increased in all of the models. In sham-operated
rats with no increased number of mitotic hepatocytes, hepatic
and circulating levels of HGF were increased, whereas those
levels of TGF were unchanged. The results indicate that TGF
levels in liver and blood more closely correlate with hepatocyte
mitogenesis than HGF levels.
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