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From the Wistar Institute*
and the Department of
Pathology,
University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Expression of the ß3 subunit of the 
vß3 vitronectin receptor
on melanoma cells is associated with tumor thickness and the ability to
invade and metastasize. To address the role of vß3 in the complex
process of progression from the nontumorigenic radial to the
tumorigenic vertical growth phase of primary melanoma, we
examined the biological consequences of overexpressing vß3 in
early-stage melanoma cells using an adenoviral vector for gene
transfer. Overexpression of functional vß3 in radial growth phase
primary melanoma cells 1) promotes both anchorage-dependent and
-independent growth, 2) initiates invasive growth from the
epidermis into the dermis in three-dimensional skin
reconstructs, 3) prevents apoptosis of invading cells,
and 4) increases tumor growth in vivo. Thus,
vß3 serves diverse biological functions during the progression
from the nontumorigenic radial growth phase to the tumorigenic and
invasive vertical growth phase primary melanoma.
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