help button home button Am J Pathol Epitomics, Inc.
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS

This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Purchase Article
Right arrow View Shopping Cart
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Silamut, K.
Right arrow Articles by White, N. J.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Silamut, K.
Right arrow Articles by White, N. J.
(American Journal of Pathology. 1999;155:395-410.)
© 1999 American Society for Investigative Pathology

Regular Articles

A Quantitative Analysis of the Microvascular Sequestration of Malaria Parasites in the Human Brain

Kamolrat Silamut*, Nguyen H. Phu{dagger}, Christopher Whitty{ddagger}, Gareth D.H. Turner{ddagger}§, Karina Louwrier§, Nguyen T.H. Mai{dagger}, Julie A. Simpson*{ddagger}, Tran T. Hien{dagger} and Nicholas J. White*{ddagger}

From the Faculty of Tropical Medicine,*
Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; the Center for Tropical Diseases,{dagger}
Cho Quan Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; The Oxford-Wellcome Centre for Tropical Diseases,{ddagger}
Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, and the Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Cellular Science,§
University of Oxford, United Kingdom

Microvascular sequestration was assessed in the brains of 50 Thai and Vietnamese patients who died from severe malaria (Plasmodium falciparum, 49; P. vivax, 1). Malaria parasites were sequestered in 46 cases; in 3 intravascular malaria pigment but no parasites were evident; and in the P. vivax case there was no sequestration. Cerebrovascular endothelial expression of the putative cytoadherence receptors ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin, and chondroitin sulfate and also HLA class II was increased. The median (range) ratio of cerebral to peripheral blood parasitemia was 40 (1.8 to 1500). Within the same brain different vessels had discrete but different populations of parasites, indicating that the adhesion characteristics of cerebrovascular endothelium change asynchronously during malaria and also that significant recirculation of parasitized erythrocytes following sequestration is unlikely. The median (range) ratio of schizonts to trophozoites (0.15:1; 0.0 to 11.7) was significantly lower than predicted from the parasite life cycle (P < 0.001). Antimalarial treatment arrests development at the trophozoite stages which remain sequestered in the brain. There were significantly more ring form parasites (age < 26 hours) in the cerebral microvasculature (median range: 19%; 0–90%) than expected from free mixing of these cells in the systemic circulation (median range ring parasitemia: 1.8%; 0–36.2%). All developmental stages of P. falciparum are sequestered in the brain in severe malaria.




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Am J Trop Med HygHome page
N. Valecha, R. G. W. Pinto, G. D. H. Turner, A. Kumar, S. Rodrigues, N. G. Dubhashi, E. Rodrigues, S. S. Banaulikar, R. Singh, A. P. Dash, et al.
Histopathology of Fatal Respiratory Distress Caused by Plasmodium vivax Malaria
Am J Trop Med Hyg, November 1, 2009; 81(5): 758 - 762.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NEJMHome page
S. M. Taylor, J. J. Juliano, S. R. Meshnick, Z. W. Htut, A. M. Dondorp, F. Nosten, and N. J. White
Artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
N. Engl. J. Med., October 29, 2009; 361(18): 1807 - 1808.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 FASEB J.Home page
D. Faille, V. Combes, A. J. Mitchell, A. Fontaine, I. Juhan-Vague, M.-C. Alessi, G. Chimini, T. Fusai, and G. E. Grau
Platelet microparticles: a new player in malaria parasite cytoadherence to human brain endothelium
FASEB J, October 1, 2009; 23(10): 3449 - 3458.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Hum Mol GenetHome page
A. E. Fry, A. Ghansa, K. S. Small, A. Palma, S. Auburn, M. Diakite, A. Green, S. Campino, Y. Y. Teo, T. G. Clark, et al.
Positive selection of a CD36 nonsense variant in sub-Saharan Africa, but no association with severe malaria phenotypes
Hum. Mol. Genet., July 15, 2009; 18(14): 2683 - 2692.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BloodHome page
I. Safeukui, J.-M. Correas, V. Brousse, D. Hirt, G. Deplaine, S. Mule, M. Lesurtel, N. Goasguen, A. Sauvanet, A. Couvelard, et al.
Retention of Plasmodium falciparum ring-infected erythrocytes in the slow, open microcirculation of the human spleen
Blood, September 15, 2008; 112(6): 2520 - 2528.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
R. Cholera, N. J. Brittain, M. R. Gillrie, T. M. Lopera-Mesa, S. A. S. Diakite, T. Arie, M. A. Krause, A. Guindo, A. Tubman, H. Fujioka, et al.
Impaired cytoadherence of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes containing sickle hemoglobin
PNAS, January 22, 2008; 105(3): 991 - 996.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BloodHome page
M. R. Gillrie, G. Krishnegowda, K. Lee, A. G. Buret, S. M. Robbins, S. Looareesuwan, D. C. Gowda, and M. Ho
Src-family kinase dependent disruption of endothelial barrier function by Plasmodium falciparum merozoite proteins
Blood, November 1, 2007; 110(9): 3426 - 3435.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am J Trop Med HygHome page
F. Nuchsongsin, K. Chotivanich, P. Charunwatthana, O.-S. Fausta, D. Taramelli, N. P. Day, N. J. White, and A. M. Dondorp
Effects of Malaria Heme Products on Red Blood Cell Deformability
Am J Trop Med Hyg, October 1, 2007; 77(4): 617 - 622.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BloodHome page
C. M. Cserti and W. H. Dzik
The ABO blood group system and Plasmodium falciparum malaria
Blood, October 1, 2007; 110(7): 2250 - 2258.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eukaryot CellHome page
S. Frankland, S. R. Elliott, F. Yosaatmadja, J. G. Beeson, S. J. Rogerson, A. Adisa, and L. Tilley
Serum Lipoproteins Promote Efficient Presentation of the Malaria Virulence Protein PfEMP1 at the Erythrocyte Surface
Eukaryot. Cell, September 1, 2007; 6(9): 1584 - 1594.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JAMAHome page
J. May, J. A. Evans, C. Timmann, C. Ehmen, W. Busch, T. Thye, T. Agbenyega, and R. D. Horstmann
Hemoglobin Variants and Disease Manifestations in Severe Falciparum Malaria
JAMA, May 23, 2007; 297(20): 2220 - 2226.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
S. N. Patel, Z. Lu, K. Ayi, L. Serghides, D. C. Gowda, and K. C. Kain
Disruption of CD36 Impairs Cytokine Response to Plasmodium falciparum Glycosylphosphatidylinositol and Confers Susceptibility to Severe and Fatal Malaria In Vivo
J. Immunol., March 15, 2007; 178(6): 3954 - 3961.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
C. Dobano, S. J. Rogerson, T. E. Taylor, J. S. McBride, and M. E. Molyneux
Expression of Merozoite Surface Protein Markers by Plasmodium falciparum-Infected Erythrocytes in Peripheral Blood and Tissues of Children with Fatal Malaria
Infect. Immun., February 1, 2007; 75(2): 643 - 652.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
K. Moll, F. Pettersson, A. M. Vogt, C. Jonsson, N. Rasti, S. Ahuja, M. Spangberg, O. Mercereau-Puijalon, D. E. Arnot, M. Wahlgren, et al.
Generation of Cross-Protective Antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum Sequestration by Immunization with an Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1-Duffy Binding-Like 1{alpha} Domain
Infect. Immun., January 1, 2007; 75(1): 211 - 219.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
N A V Beare, C E Riva, T E Taylor, M E Molyneux, K Kayira, V A White, S Lewallen, and S P Harding
Changes in optic nerve head blood flow in children with cerebral malaria and acute papilloedema
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, November 1, 2006; 77(11): 1288 - 1290.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am J Trop Med HygHome page
A. BENET, T. Y. KHONG, A. URA, R. SAMEN, K. LORRY, M. MELLOMBO, L. TAVUL, K. BAEA, S. J. ROGERSON, and A. CORTES
PLACENTAL MALARIA IN WOMEN WITH SOUTH-EAST ASIAN OVALOCYTOSIS.
Am J Trop Med Hyg, October 1, 2006; 75(4): 597 - 604.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
A. K. Tripathi, D. J. Sullivan, and M. F. Stins
Plasmodium falciparum-Infected Erythrocytes Increase Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 Expression on Brain Endothelium through NF-{kappa}B
Infect. Immun., June 1, 2006; 74(6): 3262 - 3270.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eukaryot CellHome page
S. Frankland, A. Adisa, P. Horrocks, T. F. Taraschi, T. Schneider, S. R. Elliott, S. J. Rogerson, E. Knuepfer, A. F. Cowman, C. I. Newbold, et al.
Delivery of the Malaria Virulence Protein PfEMP1 to the Erythrocyte Surface Requires Cholesterol-Rich Domains
Eukaryot. Cell, May 1, 2006; 5(5): 849 - 860.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am J Trop Med HygHome page
B. OKECH, G. MUJUZI, A. OGWAL, H. SHIRAI, T. HORII, and T. G. EGWANG
HIGH TITERS OF IgG ANTIBODIES AGAINST PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM SERINE REPEAT ANTIGEN 5 (SERA5) ARE ASSOCIATED WITH PROTECTION AGAINST SEVERE MALARIA IN UGANDAN CHILDREN
Am J Trop Med Hyg, February 1, 2006; 74(2): 191 - 197.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
S. C. Wassmer, V. Combes, F. J. Candal, I. Juhan-Vague, and G. E. Grau
Platelets Potentiate Brain Endothelial Alterations Induced by Plasmodium falciparum
Infect. Immun., January 1, 2006; 74(1): 645 - 653.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
M. Prato, G. Giribaldi, M. Polimeni, V. Gallo, and P. Arese
Phagocytosis of Hemozoin Enhances Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Activity and TNF-{alpha} Production in Human Monocytes: Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in the Pathogenesis of Falciparum Malaria
J. Immunol., November 15, 2005; 175(10): 6436 - 6442.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
F. Pettersson, A. M. Vogt, C. Jonsson, B. W. Mok, A. Shamaei-Tousi, S. Bergstrom, Q. Chen, and M. Wahlgren
Whole-Body Imaging of Sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum in the Rat
Infect. Immun., November 1, 2005; 73(11): 7736 - 7746.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
K. Ayi, S. N. Patel, L. Serghides, T. G. Smith, and K. C. Kain
Nonopsonic Phagocytosis of Erythrocytes Infected with Ring-Stage Plasmodium falciparum
Infect. Immun., April 1, 2005; 73(4): 2559 - 2563.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Microbiol. Rev.Home page
I. A. Clark, L. M. Alleva, A. C. Mills, and W. B. Cowden
Pathogenesis of Malaria and Clinically Similar Conditions
Clin. Microbiol. Rev., July 1, 2004; 17(3): 509 - 539.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
S. Bagot, F. Nogueira, A. Collette, V. do Rosario, F. Lemonier, P.-A. Cazenave, and S. Pied
Comparative Study of Brain CD8+ T Cells Induced by Sporozoites and Those Induced by Blood-Stage Plasmodium berghei ANKA Involved in the Development of Cerebral Malaria
Infect. Immun., May 1, 2004; 72(5): 2817 - 2826.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am J Trop Med HygHome page
E. PONGPONRATN, G. D. H. TURNER, N. P. J. DAY, N. H. PHU, J. A. SIMPSON, K. STEPNIEWSKA, N. T. H. MAI, P. VIRIYAVEJAKUL, S. LOOAREESUWAN, T. T. HIEN, et al.
AN ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY OF THE BRAIN IN FATAL PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM MALARIA
Am J Trop Med Hyg, October 1, 2003; 69(4): 345 - 359.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BloodHome page
J.-B. L. Douki, Y. Sterkers, C. Lepolard, B. Traore, F. T. M. Costa, A. Scherf, and J. Gysin
Adhesion of normal and Plasmodium falciparum ring-infected erythrocytes to endothelial cells and the placenta involves the rhoptry-derived ring surface protein-2
Blood, June 15, 2003; 101(12): 5025 - 5032.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
E. Belnoue, F. T. M. Costa, A. M. Vigario, T. Voza, F. Gonnet, I. Landau, N. van Rooijen, M. Mack, W. A. Kuziel, and L. Renia
Chemokine Receptor CCR2 Is Not Essential for the Development of Experimental Cerebral Malaria
Infect. Immun., June 1, 2003; 71(6): 3648 - 3651.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BloodHome page
E. Belnoue, M. Kayibanda, J.-C. Deschemin, M. Viguier, M. Mack, W. A. Kuziel, and L. Renia
CCR5 deficiency decreases susceptibility to experimental cerebral malaria
Blood, June 1, 2003; 101(11): 4253 - 4259.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BMJHome page
D. A J Moore, R. M Jennings, T. F Doherty, D. N Lockwood, P. L Chiodini, S. G Wright, and C. J M Whitty
Lesson of the week: Assessing the severity of malaria
BMJ, April 12, 2003; 326(7393): 808 - 809.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
E. Belnoue, M. Kayibanda, A. M. Vigario, J.-C. Deschemin, N. v. Rooijen, M. Viguier, G. Snounou, and L. Renia
On the Pathogenic Role of Brain-Sequestered {alpha}{beta} CD8+ T Cells in Experimental Cerebral Malaria
J. Immunol., December 1, 2002; 169(11): 6369 - 6375.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
J. G. Beeson, N. Amin, M. Kanjala, and S. J. Rogerson
Selective Accumulation of Mature Asexual Stages of Plasmodium falciparum-Infected Erythrocytes in the Placenta
Infect. Immun., October 1, 2002; 70(10): 5412 - 5415.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
R. Udomsangpetch, B. Pipitaporn, K. Silamut, R. Pinches, S. Kyes, S. Looareesuwan, C. Newbold, and N. J. White
Febrile temperatures induce cytoadherence of ring-stage Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes
PNAS, September 3, 2002; 99(18): 11825 - 11829.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Microbiol. Rev.Home page
J. Lou, R. Lucas, and G. E. Grau
Pathogenesis of Cerebral Malaria: Recent Experimental Data and Possible Applications for Humans
Clin. Microbiol. Rev., October 1, 2001; 14(4): 810 - 820.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BloodHome page
P. N. Newton, K. Chotivanich, W. Chierakul, R. Ruangveerayuth, P. Teerapong, K. Silamut, S. Looareesuwan, and N. J. White
A comparison of the in vivo kinetics of Plasmodium falciparum ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen-positive and -negative erythrocytes
Blood, July 15, 2001; 98(2): 450 - 457.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
L. Serghides and K. C. Kain
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor {{gamma}}-Retinoid X Receptor Agonists Increase CD36-Dependent Phagocytosis of Plasmodium falciparum-Parasitized Erythrocytes and Decrease Malaria-Induced TNF-{{alpha}} Secretion by Monocytes/Macrophages
J. Immunol., June 1, 2001; 166(11): 6742 - 6748.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BloodHome page
I. D. McGilvray, L. Serghides, A. Kapus, O. D. Rotstein, and K. C. Kain
Nonopsonic monocyte/macrophage phagocytosis of Plasmodium falciparum-parasitized erythrocytes: a role for CD36 in malarial clearance
Blood, November 1, 2000; 96(9): 3231 - 3240.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
C. R J C Newton, T. T. Hien, and N. White
NEUROLOGICAL ASPECTS OF TROPICAL DISEASE: Cerebral malaria
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, October 1, 2000; 69(4): 433 - 441.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Copyright © 1999 by the American Society for Investigative Pathology.