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(American Journal of Pathology. 1999;155:591-598.)
© 1999 American Society for Investigative Pathology

Regular Articles

Effects of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Metabolites on RANTES- and IL-5-Induced Eosinophil Chemotactic Activity in Vitro

Etsuro Sato^*, Keith L. Simpson^*, Matthew B. Grisham, Sekiya Koyama and Richard A. Robbins^*

From the Research Services,^*
Tucson and Overton Brooks VA Medical Centers, and the Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology,
Louisiana State University Medical Center, Shreveport, Louisiana; and the First Department of Internal Medicine,
Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan

Eosinophils and increased production of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide, components of peroxynitrite, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of allergic disorders including asthma. Peroxynitrite induced protein nitration may compromise enzyme and protein function. We hypothesized that peroxynitrite may modulate eosinophil migration by modulating chemotactic cytokines. To test this hypothesis, the eosinophil chemotactic responses of regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and interleukin (IL)-5 incubated with and without peroxynitrite were evaluated. Peroxynitrite-attenuated RANTES and IL-5 induced eosinophil chemotactic activity (ECA) in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05) but did not attenuate leukotriene B4 or complement-activated serum ECA. The reducing agents deferoxamine and dithiothreitol reversed the ECA inhibition by peroxynitrite, and exogenous L-tyrosine abrogated the inhibition by peroxynitrite. PAPA-NONOate, a NO donor, or superoxide generated by lumazine or xanthine and xanthine oxidase, did not show an inhibitory effect on ECA. The peroxynitrite generator, 3-morpholinosydnonimine, caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of ECA. Peroxynitrite reduced RANTES and IL-5 binding to eosinophils and resulted in nitrotyrosine formation. These findings are consistent with nitration of tyrosine by peroxynitrite with subsequent inhibition of RANTES and IL-5 binding to eosinophils and suggest that peroxynitrite may play a role in regulation of eosinophil chemotaxis.

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