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(American Journal of Pathology. 2000;156:477-487.)
© 2000 American Society for Investigative Pathology

Regular Articles

Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-A-Induced Retinal Gliosis Protects against Ischemic Retinopathy

Haruhiko Yamada*{dagger}, Eri Yamada*{dagger}, Akira Ando*{dagger}, Man-Seong Seo*{dagger}, Noriko Esumi*{dagger}{ddagger}, Naoyuki Okamoto*{dagger}, Melissa Vinores*{dagger}, William LaRochelle§, Donald J. Zack*{dagger}{ddagger} and Peter A. Campochiaro*{dagger}

From the Departments of Ophthalmology,*
Neuroscience,{dagger}
and Molecular Biology and Genetics,{ddagger}
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and the National Cancer Institute,§
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland

Retinal astrocytes are located in the nerve fiber layer and along retinal blood vessels and have been hypothesized to participate in the induction and maintenance of the blood-retinal barrier. Platelet-derived growth factor-A (PDGF-A) is normally produced by retinal ganglion cells and is involved in astrocyte recruitment and proliferation. We used gain-of-function transgenic mice that express PDGF-A in photoreceptors to explore the roles of PDGF-A and astrocytes in the retina. Transgene-positive mice developed glial infiltration of the inner retina and had significantly less oxygen-induced retinal vascular closure and no neovascularization compared with littermate controls, which had prominent vascular closure and neovascularization. The increased survival of endothelial cells in transgenic mice in the face of oxygen-induced down-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor was accompanied by an increase in astrocyte-derived fibroblast growth factor-2. Therefore, PDGF-A increases retinal astrocytes, which promote the survival of endothelial cells as well as their expression of barrier characteristics.




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