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(American Journal of Pathology. 2000;156:1165-1170.)
© 2000 American Society for Investigative Pathology

Short Communications

The Adhesion Molecule CEACAM1 (CD66a, C-CAM, BGP) Is Specifically Expressed by the Extravillous Intermediate Trophoblast

Ana-Maria Bamberger^*, Solveig Sudahl^*, Thomas Löning^*, Christoph Wagener, Christoph M. Bamberger, Peter Drakakis^§, Christos Coutifaris^¶ and Antonis Makrigiannakis^¶||

From the Department of Gynecopathology, Institute of Pathology,^*
the Department of Clinical Chemistry,
and the Clinic of Internal Medicine,
University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,^§
Alexandra Maternity Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece; the Division of Human Reproduction,^¶
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Center for Research on Reproduction and Women’s Health, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,^||
IVF Unit, Imperial College School of Science and Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom

CEACAM1 (CD66a, C-CAM, BGP) is an adhesion molecule of the carcinoembryonic antigen family which has been shown to be normally expressed at the apical pole of epithelial cells, including the apical pole of endometrial surface and glandular epithelia. The purpose of the present study was to investigate its expression pattern at the maternal-fetal interface, and thus to determine whether CEACAM1 could be implicated in the human implantation process. For this purpose, we performed immunohistochemistry using the 4D1/C2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) as well as flow cytometry and Western blot on isolated trophoblast populations. On the maternal side of the maternal-fetal interface, CEACAM1 was present in epithelial cells of pregnancy endometrium as well as in small endometrial vessels, whereas it was absent from decidual cells. On the fetal side, CEACAM1 was strongly expressed by the extravillous (intermediate) trophoblast at the implantation site, as well as by extravillous trophoblast cells with invasive phenotype in primary culture, as shown by flow cytometry and Western blot. Expression was also observed in placental villous core vessels but was absent from both villous cyto- and syncytiotrophoblasts throughout the pregnancy. We conclude that, given its specific expression pattern, CEACAM1 can be a useful marker for extravillous intermediate trophoblast and might be functionally implicated in mediating trophoblast/endometrial and/or trophoblast/endothelial interactions during the trophoblastic invasion of the endometrium.

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