| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
Short Communications |
From the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory
Medicine *
and
Otorhinolaryngology,
University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; the Vision Research
Laboratories,
New England Eye Center, Tufts
University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; and the
Departments of Biology and Pathology,§
Institute for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, McMaster University,
Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9, also known as gelatinase B or 92-kd Type IV collagenase) is overexpressed in many human and murine cancers. We induced carcinomas in mice carrying a transgene that links the MMP-9 promoter to the reporter ß-galactosidase so that activation of the MMP-9 promoter would be indicated by ß-galactosidase. Mammary carcinomas were induced by mating the MMP-9 promoter reporter transgenic mice with mice carrying a transgene for murine mammary tumor virus promoter linked to polyoma middle T antigen, a transgene that leads to rapid development of mammary tumors in female mice. None of the hyperplastic mammary glands and none of the carcinomas in situ expressed ß-galactosidase. However, all invasive tumors had evidence of ß-galactosidase expression. In addition to the breast carcinomas, a malignant teratoma in a female and a papillary adenocarcinoma in the pelvic region of a male arose and were also ß-galactosidase positive. We also induced skin tumors in the mice with the MMP-9 reporter transgene with 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) treatment followed by phorbol 12 myristate 13-acetate (TPA). None of the papillomas or in situ carcinomas showed any ß-galactosidase expression, but expression was seen in invasive carcinoma. Although normal skin epithelial cells did not express ß-galactosidase, we did find staining in a few cells at the duct of the sebaceous gland at the base of the hair follicles. The MMP-9 reporter transgene did not lead to expression in the alveolar macrophages, confirming that additional upstream sequences are required for expression in macrophages. These experiments have revealed that MMP-9 promoter activity is induced coincident with invasion during tumor progression. Furthermore, this indicates that the more proximal upstream elements of the promoter are sufficient for MMP-9 transcription during tumor progression.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  T. Namba, T. Homan, T. Nishimura, S. Mima, T. Hoshino, and T. Mizushima Up-regulation of S100P Expression by Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Its Role in Anti-tumorigenic Effects J. Biol. Chem., February 13, 2009; 284(7): 4158 - 4167. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. KNIPPEN, T. LONING, V. MULLER, C. SCHRODER, F. JANICKE, and K. MILDE-LANGOSCH Expression and Prognostic Value of Activating Transcription Factor 2 (ATF2) and its Phosphorylated Form in Mammary Carcinomas Anticancer Res, January 1, 2009; 29(1): 183 - 189. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. M. Lamar, K. M. Pumiglia, and C. M. DiPersio An Immortalization-Dependent Switch in Integrin Function Up-regulates MMP-9 to Enhance Tumor Cell Invasion Cancer Res., September 15, 2008; 68(18): 7371 - 7379. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. D. Martin, K. J. Carter, S. R. Jean-Philippe, M. Chang, S. Mobashery, S. Thiolloy, C. C. Lynch, L. M. Matrisian, and B. Fingleton Effect of Ablation or Inhibition of Stromal Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 on Lung Metastasis in a Breast Cancer Model Is Dependent on Genetic Background Cancer Res., August 1, 2008; 68(15): 6251 - 6259. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Okawa, C. Z. Michaylira, J. Kalabis, D. B. Stairs, H. Nakagawa, C. Andl, C. N. Johnstone, A. J. Klein-Szanto, W. S. El-Deiry, E. Cukierman, et al. The functional interplay between EGFR overexpression, hTERT activation, and p53 mutation in esophageal epithelial cells with activation of stromal fibroblasts induces tumor development, invasion, and differentiation Genes & Dev., November 1, 2007; 21(21): 2788 - 2803. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Yan and R. Shao Transduction of a Mesenchyme-specific Gene Periostin into 293T Cells Induces Cell Invasive Activity through Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transformation J. Biol. Chem., July 14, 2006; 281(28): 19700 - 19708. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. B. Genter, B. M. Warner, H.-W. Krell, and B. Bolon Reduction of Alachlor-Induced Olfactory Mucosal Neoplasms by the Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitor Ro 28-2653 Toxicol Pathol, August 1, 2005; 33(5): 593 - 599. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Jorda, D. Olmeda, A. Vinyals, E. Valero, E. Cubillo, A. Llorens, A. Cano, and A. Fabra Upregulation of MMP-9 in MDCK epithelial cell line in response to expression of the Snail transcription factor J. Cell Sci., August 1, 2005; 118(15): 3371 - 3385. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. Debinski and D. M. Gibo Fos-Related Antigen 1 Modulates Malignant Features of Glioma Cells Mol. Cancer Res., April 1, 2005; 3(4): 237 - 249. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. Tangkeangsirisin and G. Serrero PC cell-derived growth factor (PCDGF/GP88, progranulin) stimulates migration, invasiveness and VEGF expression in breast cancer cells Carcinogenesis, September 1, 2004; 25(9): 1587 - 1592. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Sanceau, S. Truchet, and B. Bauvois Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Silencing by RNA Interference Triggers the Migratory-adhesive Switch in Ewing's Sarcoma Cells J. Biol. Chem., September 19, 2003; 278(38): 36537 - 36546. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Wang, J. Hicks, P. Khanbolooki, S.-J. Kim, C. Yan, Y. Wang, and D. Boyd Transgenic Mice Demonstrate Novel Promoter Regions for Tissue-Specific Expression of the Urokinase Receptor Gene Am. J. Pathol., August 1, 2003; 163(2): 453 - 464. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Capozza, T. M. Williams, W. Schubert, S. McClain, B. Bouzahzah, F. Sotgia, and M. P. Lisanti Absence of Caveolin-1 Sensitizes Mouse Skin to Carcinogen-Induced Epidermal Hyperplasia and Tumor Formation Am. J. Pathol., June 1, 2003; 162(6): 2029 - 2039. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. M. Williams, M. W.-C. Cheung, D. S. Park, B. Razani, A. W. Cohen, W. J. Muller, D. Di Vizio, N. G. Chopra, R. G. Pestell, and M. P. Lisanti Loss of Caveolin-1 Gene Expression Accelerates the Development of Dysplastic Mammary Lesions in Tumor-Prone Transgenic Mice Mol. Biol. Cell, March 1, 2003; 14(3): 1027 - 1042. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Sanceau, D. D. Boyd, M. Seiki, and B. Bauvois Interferons Inhibit Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -mediated Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Activation via Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 Binding Competition with NF-kappa B J. Biol. Chem., September 13, 2002; 277(38): 35766 - 35775. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Yan, H. Wang, and D. D. Boyd ATF3 Represses 72-kDa Type IV Collagenase (MMP-2) Expression by Antagonizing p53-dependent trans-Activation of the Collagenase Promoter J. Biol. Chem., March 22, 2002; 277(13): 10804 - 10812. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Jiang and R. J. Muschel Regulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) by Translational Efficiency in Murine Prostate Carcinoma Cells Cancer Res., March 1, 2002; 62(6): 1910 - 1914. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
