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(American Journal of Pathology. 2001;158:617-625.)
© 2001 American Society for Investigative Pathology

Regular Article

A Compound Heterozygous One Amino-Acid Insertion/Nonsense Mutation in the Plectin Gene Causes Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex with Plectin Deficiency

Johann W. Bauer^*, Fatima Rouan^§, Barbara Kofler^*, Günther A. Rezniczek, Iris Kornacker, Wolfgang Muss, Rudolf Hametner^*, Alfred Klausegger^*, Ariana Huber^*, Gabriele Pohla-Gubo^*, Gerhard Wiche, Jouni Uitto^§ and Helmut Hintner^*

From the Department of Dermatology,^*
Children’s Hospital
Salzburg, Austria; the Institute of Pathology,
General Hospital Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; the Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology,^§
Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and the Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology,
Vienna Biocenter, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

Plectin is a cytoskeleton linker protein expressed in a variety of tissues including skin, muscle, and nerves. Mutations in its gene are associated with epidermolysis bullosa simplex with late-onset muscular dystrophy. Whereas in most of these patients the pathogenic events are mediated by nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, the consequences of an in-frame mutation are less clear. We analyzed a patient with compound heterozygosity for a 3-bp insertion at position 1287 leading to the insertion of leucine as well as the missense mutation Q1518X leading to a stop codon. The presence of plectin mRNA was demonstrated by a RNase protection assay. However, a marked reduction of plectin protein was found using immunofluorescence microscopy of the patient’s skin and Western blot analysis of the patient’s cultured keratinocytes. The loss of plectin protein was associated with morphological alterations in plectin-containing structures of the dermo-epidermal junction, in skeletal muscle, and in nerves as detected by electron microscopy. In an in vitro overlay assay using recombinant plectin peptides spanning exons 2 to 15 the insertion of leucine resulted in markedly increased self-aggregation of plectin peptides. These results describe for the first time the functional consequences of an in-frame insertion mutation in humans.

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