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(American Journal of Pathology. 2003;163:2329-2335.)
© 2003 American Society for Investigative Pathology

Neutrophil Elastase Contributes to Cigarette Smoke-Induced Emphysema in Mice

Steven D. Shapiro*, Nir M. Goldstein{dagger}, A. McGarry Houghton*{dagger}, Dale K. Kobayashi{ddagger}, Diane Kelley{ddagger} and Abderazzaq Belaaouaj{dagger}

From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care,* Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and the Departments of Medicine{dagger} and Pediatrics,{ddagger} Washington University School of Medicine at St. Louis Children’s Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri

To address the role of neutrophil elastase in pulmonary emphysema, neutrophil elastase-deficient mice and wild-type littermate controls were exposed to long-term cigarette smoke. Compared to wild-type littermates, mice that were deficient in neutrophil elastase were significantly protected (59%) from the development of emphysema. Previously, we demonstrated complete protection from emphysema in the absence of macrophage elastase. Further analysis revealed several interactions between these two elastases. Each elastase inactivated the endogenous inhibitor of the other, with neutrophil elastase degrading tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, and macrophage elastase degrading {alpha}-1-antitrypsin. Cigarette smoke-induced recruitment of both neutrophils and monocytes was impaired in the absence of neutrophil elastase. Moreover, there was less macrophage elastase activity secondary to decreased macrophage accumulation in neutrophil elastase-deficient mice. This study demonstrates a direct role for neutrophil elastase in emphysema and highlights the interdependence of the proteinases and inflammatory cells that mediate lung destruction in response to cigarette smoke.





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