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(American Journal of Pathology. 2004;164:2153-2161.)
© 2004 American Society for Investigative Pathology

{alpha}-Internexin Is Present in the Pathological Inclusions of Neuronal Intermediate Filament Inclusion Disease

Nigel J. Cairns*, Victoria Zhukareva*, Kunihiro Uryu*, Bin Zhang*, Eileen Bigio{dagger}, Ian R.A. Mackenzie{ddagger}, Marla Gearing§, Charles Duyckaerts, Hideaki Yokoo||, Yoichi Nakazato||, Evelyn Jaros**, Robert H. Perry**, Virginia M.-Y. Lee* and John Q. Trojanowski*

From the Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research,*the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; the Department of Neuropathology,{dagger}Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois; the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine,{ddagger}Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease,§Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; Laboratoire de Neuropathologie,Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France; the Department of Pathology,||Gunma University School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan; and the Department of Neuropathology,**Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom

Neuronal intermediate filament (IF) inclusion disease (NIFID) is a novel neurological disease of early onset with a variable clinical phenotype including frontotemporal dementia, pyramidal, and extrapyramidal signs. Pathologically, in affected areas, there is neuronal loss, astrocytosis, and neuronal intracytoplasmic aggregates of abnormal neuronal IFs that contain neither tau nor {alpha}-synuclein. Thus, to characterize the neuronal IF protein profile of inclusions in NIFID, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on 10 cases of NIFID, four normal aged controls (NL), and two cases of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) using a panel of anti-neuronal IF proteins. Immunoelectron microscopy was performed on selected cases and frozen tissue from the frontal lobe of four cases was used for biochemical studies including sequential extractions and Western blotting. Based on these studies, we report here for the first time that {alpha}-internexin, a neuronal IF protein, is present within the inclusions of NIFID as are all three neurofilament subunits: heavy, medium, and light. Thus, all class IV neuronal IF proteins are present within the pathological inclusions of this disease. Biochemistry revealed that IF aggregates were soluble in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and no post-translational modification was detected when compared with Alzheimer’s disease or aged control brains. Hence, we conclude that NIFID is characterized by the pathological cytoplasmic aggregation of all class IV neuronal IF proteins in brain. The discovery of {alpha}-internexin in the cytoplasmic inclusions implicates novel mechanisms of pathogenesis in NIFID and other neurological diseases with pathological accumulations of IFs.




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