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(American Journal of Pathology. 2004;165:425-437.)
© 2004 American Society for Investigative Pathology

Antigen Transport and Cytoskeletal Characteristics of a Distinct Enterocyte Population in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Sabine Kersting*, Matthias Bruewer*, Guido Schuermann*, Axel Klotz*, Markus Utech*, Matthias Hansmerten*, Christian F. Krieglstein*, Norbert Senninger*, Joerg-Dieter Schulzke{dagger}, Hassan Y. Naim{ddagger} and Klaus-Peter Zimmer§

From the Departments of General Surgery* and Pediatrics,§ University of Muenster, Muenster; the Department of Gastroenterology,{dagger} Benjamin Franklin University of Berlin, Berlin; and the Department of Physiological Chemistry,{ddagger} School of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany

Intestinal antigen uptake is enhanced in inflammatory bowel disease. We analyzed transcellular transport routes of antigens in different compartments of normal enterocytes and atypical intestinal epithelial cells called "rapid antigen uptake into the cytosol enterocytes" (RACE cells). These cells constitute a recently described population of enterocyte-derived cells, which are increased in inflammatory bowel disease. Mucosa of freshly resected specimens wereincubated with the antigens ovalbumin or horseradish peroxidase. Ultrastructural labeling patterns of differentiation-dependent proteins, the brush-border enzyme sucrase-isomaltase and the cytoskeleton proteins villin and actin, were determined in enterocytes. Apoptosis was investigated biochemically and ultrastructurally by cleavage of caspase-3. Both antigens were transported to late endosomes and to trans-Golgi vesicles of enterocytes in inflammatory bowel disease and control specimens. Quantitative evaluation revealed a significantly increased transepithelial antigen transport in both compartments of RACE relative to normal enterocytes. Labeling densities for sucrase-isomaltase, villin, and actin were decreased in RACE relative to normal enterocytes. Caspase-3 was not increased in RACE cells relative to controls. RACE cells are characterized by increased antigen transport to late endosomes and the trans-Golgi network, a disassembled cytoskeleton and lower concentrations of proteins that are markers of cell differentiation.




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