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(American Journal of Pathology. 2004;165:1233-1241.)
© 2004 American Society for Investigative Pathology

Activated Hepatic Stellate Cells Express Keratinocyte Growth Factor in Chronic Liver Disease

Heike Steiling*, Marcus Mühlbauer{dagger}, Frauke Bataille{ddagger}, Jürgen Schölmerich{dagger}, Sabine Werner* and Claus Hellerbrand{dagger}

From the Department of Biology,* Institute of Cell Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland; and the Department of Internal Medicine I{dagger} and the Institute of Pathology,{ddagger} University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany

Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, is a specific mitogen for different types of epithelial cells and a potent survival factor for these cells under stress conditions. KGF expression increases strongly after injury to various tissues, including the skin and the intestine, and signaling via the KGF receptor was shown to be crucial for repair of skin wounds and for liver regeneration. Here we demonstrate an increased expression of KGF in chronic liver disease associated with fibrosis. The extent of KGF overexpression correlated strongly with the stage of fibrosis. As the cellular source of KGF we identified activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs)/myofibroblasts. In contrast to the ligand, the KGF receptor, FGFR2-IIIb, was exclusively expressed by hepatocytes, but not by activated HSCs or other parenchymal or nonparenchymal liver cells. Based on the known effects of KGF on hepatocytes in vitro, our findings suggest that HSC/myofibroblast-derived KGF may enhance liver regeneration and/or hepatocyte survival in patients with chronic liver disease.




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