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(American Journal of Pathology. 2005;166:923-933.)
© 2005 American Society for Investigative Pathology

Matricellular Homologs in the Foreign Body Response

Hevin Suppresses Inflammation, but Hevin and SPARC Together Diminish Angiogenesis

Thomas H. Barker*, Paul Framson*, Pauli A. Puolakkainen{dagger}, May Reed{ddagger}, Sarah E. Funk* and E. Helene Sage*

From the Hope Heart Program,* Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington; the Department of Medicine,{ddagger} University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and the Department of Surgery,{dagger} Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

Implanted foreign materials, used to restore or assist tissue function, elicit an initial acute inflammatory response followed by chronic fibrosis that leads to the entrapment of the biomaterial in a thick, poorly vascularized collagenous capsule. Matricellular proteins, secreted macromolecules that interact with extracellular matrix proteins but do not in themselves serve structural roles, have been identified as important mediators of the foreign body response that includes inflammation, angiogenesis, and collagen synthesis and assembly. In this report we delineate functions of hevin and SPARC, two homologs of the SPARC family of matricellular proteins, in the foreign body response. Despite their sequence similarity, hevin and SPARC mediate different aspects of this fibrotic response. Using mice with targeted gene deletions, we show that hevin is central to the progression of biomaterial-induced inflammation whereas SPARC regulates the formation of the collagenous capsule. Although vascular density within the capsule is unaltered in the absence of either protein, SPARC-hevin double-null capsules show substantially increased numbers of vessels, indicating compensatory functions for these two proteins in the inhibition of angiogenesis. These results provide important information for further development of implant technology.




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