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(American Journal of Pathology. 2005;166:1441-1450.)
© 2005 American Society for Investigative Pathology

Complementary Contribution of CD4 and CD8 T Lymphocytes to T-Cell Infiltration of the Intact and the Degenerative Spinal Cord

Monika Bradl*, Jan Bauer*, Alexander Flügel{dagger}, Hartmut Wekerle{dagger} and Hans Lassmann*

From the Department of Neuroimmunology,* Brain Research Institute, Vienna, Austria; and the Department of Neuroimmunology,{dagger} Max-Planck Institute for Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany

The central role of T cells in inflammatory reactions of the central nervous system (CNS) is well documented. However, there is little information about the few T cells found within the noninflamed CNS. In particular, the contribution of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to the lymphocyte pool infiltrating the intact CNS, the location of these cells in CNS white and gray matter, and changes in the cellular composition of T-cell infiltrates coinciding with degeneration are primarily undefined. To address these points, we studied T cells in the intact and degenerative rat spinal cord. In the intact spinal cord, T cells were preferentially located within the gray matter. CD8+ T cells were more numerous than CD4+ lymphocytes. In cases of neuroaxonal degeneration or myelin degeneration/oligodendrocyte death, T cells were predominantly seen in areas of degeneration and were present in increased numbers. These effects were more pronounced for the CD4+ than for the CD8+ T-cell subset. Collectively, these data provide evidence for a clear cellular and compartmental bias in T-cell infiltration of the intact and degenerative spinal cord. This could indicate that CD4+ and CD8+ T cells might fulfill complementary roles in the intact and the diseased organ.




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