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From the Units of Molecular Therapies* and Molecular Targets, Department of Experimental Oncology and Laboratories, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milan, Italy, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology
Cadherin-mediated adhesion plays an important role in maintaining cell-cell contacts and reducing tumor metastasis. However, neo-expression of E-cadherin in ovarian carcinoma does not prevent the release and spread of cells from the primary tumor. Because caveolin-1 is down-regulated concomitantly with E-cad expression, we investigated whether the stability of adherens junctions in ovarian carcinoma was affected by caveolin-1 expression. We used IGROV1 cells transfected with caveolin-1 (IGtC3), mock-transfected control cells (IGtM87), and SKOV3 cells that endogenously express caveolin-1. Simultaneous expression of caveolin-1 and E-cadherin favored membrane distribution of E-cadherin and its associated catenin (p120ctn), even when caveolin-1 was only focally associated with adherens junctions. Silencing of caveolin-1 induced intracellular E-cadherin redistribution in IGtC3 and SKOV3 cells. Treatment with the specific src kinase inhibitor PP1 increased E-cadherin expression in IGtM87 and SKOV3 cells and enhanced membrane localization of both E-cadherin and p120ctn. However, PP1 could not completely reverse the detrimental effects on cell-cell adhesion induced by Ca2+ depletion in IGtM87 cells. Together, our data suggest that caveolin-1 expression indirectly promotes cell-cell adhesion in ovarian carcinoma cells by a mechanism involving inhibition of src-related kinases. Thus, down-regulation or loss of caveolin-1 might contribute significantly to the spread of tumor cells from the primary tumor.
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