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Short Communications |
From the Department of Anatomy and Histology and Institute of
Biomedical Research*
and the Department of
Medicine,
University of Sydney, Sydney, New
South Wales, Australia
The cellular and microvascular responses of JC Lewis rats to an
intravenous injection of activated T cells specific for ovalbumin were
examined with the retinal whole mount technique. The retina was
examined at various times post-injection (pi) with the use of
antibodies to the 
ß T cell receptor (TCR) or to major
histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II), the monoclonal
antibody ED1, and intravascular tracers. By 12 hours
pi, small numbers of TCR+,
ED1+, and MHC II+ cells were present
within the lumen of retinal vessels, and minor breakdown of the
blood-retinal barrier (BRB) and microglial activation were evident. The
intensity of these responses had increased by 1 day pi, when
small numbers of TCR+ cells had also undergone
extravasation. By 2 to 3 days pi, the numbers of
TCR+, ED1+, and MHC
II+ cells in the retinal parenchyma had increased,
but the BRB breakdown and microglial activation had subsided.
Thus, in the absence of target antigen, activated T
cells induced limited and transient breakdown of the BRB,
microglial activation, and the extravasation of
ED1+, MHC II+ monocytes. In
contrast, the retina of rats that received an intraocular
injection of ovalbumin in addition to the intravascular injection of T
cells showed massive cellular recruitment and breakdown of the BRB.
These results indicate that an increase in the number of activated T
cells in the circulation, such as that which occurs during
viral or bacterial infection, has the potential to result in
transient breakdown of the BRB and a mild local microglial
response.
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